We all know that every CNC machine is composed of various CNC machine kits, and woodworking CNC machines are the same. The quality and service life of cnc router kit directly affect the processing quality and efficiency of cnc router. And that’s why the CNC router kit plays an unreasonable role on the woodworking CNC machine running efficiently. The choice of a CNC router kit not only affect the price, service life, and operating efficiency of the woodworking machine, but also directly affects the processing performance of the entire equipment. therefore, in order to use the CNC router machine better, we must pay attention to the choice of CNC router kit.

1. CNC router kit- spindle

The spindle is an important component of the CNC router kit of woodworking engraving machine, and its performance has a vital influence on the performance of the wood CNC router. The choice of the spindle not only affects the accuracy and quality of the engraving machine but also directly affects the work efficiency of the entire woodworking engraving machine. According to different cooling methods, common spindles on the market can be divided into air-cooled spindles and water-cooled spindles.

Air cooling spindle

The air cooling spindle uses a fan to dissipate heat. It does not need to be connected to a water tank, a water pipe, or a water pump, and can be used directly by connecting the invert. Therefore, it has the advantages of low cost, convenient use, and simple operation. However, it is noisy, the cooling effect, and the effect is not as good as the water-cooled spindle.

Water cooling spindle

The water cooling spindle adopts water circulation to cool the heat generated by the spindle after high-speed rotation. And this cooling method has the advantages of good cooling effect, low noise, long service life, and high precision. The disadvantage is that it is inconvenient to use, especially in cold places in the north or where water is lacking.

2.CNC router kit-motor

As the one of the core CNC router kit, the motor also plays the important role in the wood working engraving. We all know that the motor directly affects the engraving speed of the engraving machine. And processing speed directly affects processing efficiency. Therefore, the choice of the motor accordingly affects the user’s economic benefits. In the wood CNC router industry, there are mainly two types of drive motors such as servo motor and stepper motor.

Servo motor

Servo motor refers to the engine that controls the operation of mechanical components in the servo system and is an auxiliary motor indirect speed change device. In addition to speed and torque control, servo motors can also perform precise, fast, and stable position control. In addition, this servo motor has the advantages of stable operation, good control ability, fast response, high sensitivity, and high precision. Therefore, it is suitable for applications that require high efficiency, high speed, high response, and high reliability.

Stepper motor 

The stepper motor open-loop control method is simple and easy to implement. And the overall price is lower. Therefore, it has the advantages of low cost and convenient use. But in this control mode, the real-time position of the rotor has no feedback effect on the entire control system. Therefore, stepper motors are not suitable for applications in some fields that require high precision, high-speed operation, and fast response capabilities.

3.CNC router kit-guild rail

As a member of the CNC router kit, guild rail is mainly an important part of the transmission system. And the guide rail plays the role of transmission and support in the CNC router machine. Choosing the appropriate guide rail will make the operation of the CNC wood machine more stable and smooth. The guide rails on the market are mainly divided into round rails and square rails.

Round rail

The round rail is a cylindrical linear rail. It has the advantages of high carrying capacity, low cost, short production cycle, and easy installation. However, the circular rail needs to be supported in limited places, so the rigidity is relatively poor and the single-precision is average. Therefore, it is suitable for processing fields that require less precision.

Square rail

The square rail has high positioning accuracy, good reproduction, and the friction coefficient is particularly small. And the gap between the static friction force and the dynamic friction force is very small. When the micro feed is small, there will be no slipping phenomenon, and the resolution is good, so it can be achieved positioning accuracy of a high level. Low friction resistance can maintain accuracy for a long time. In addition, because the square rail can withstand high load capacity in four directions, it can simultaneously bear radial, reverse radial, and lateral loads, and maintain walking accuracy. The square rail is suitable for high-speed and high precision applications.

1. CNC router kit-control system

As we all know, the control system is the brain of the CNC router. And as the one of the most important CNC router kit, the operation of the CNC router is closely related to its control system. The control system of CNC wood router on the market can be roughly divided into three categories such as computer control, handle control, and integrated machine control.

Computer control

Computer control is to control the walking path of the engraving machine’s XYZ axis and the rotation of the spindle motor by installing a control card on the PCI slot of the computer motherboard and installing a driver on the computer. With this control method, the operator can preview the processing effect, can see the processing track at any time, and can correct it in time if the program loading error. Therefore, it has many features like a user-friendly interface, simple and convenient operation, complete functions, and high program compatibility. And all kinds of engraving CAM software can be imported. The disadvantage is that you need to configure a computer separately, but fortunately, the computer configuration requirements are extremely low. For customers with a small budget, you can configure second-hand obsolete computers.

Handle control

Handle control is a control method that can be used to control the movement of the CNC wood router. The biggest advantage is that it saves space and does not require a computer. It greatly reduces the space occupied by the equipment, and it is more convenient to set the knife. The disadvantage is that the operation is relatively troublesome. After all, all the functions are collected on one control panel. If you are not skilled, it is easy to press the wrong function key. What’s more, the disadvantage is that there is no preview and other functions, and the interface is not as intuitive as the computer.

Integrated machine control

This control method adopts an independent integrated design, adopts integrated control of industrial computers, PLC, and so on. It has rich interfaces and complete functions and can realize multi-axis control and automatic tool change. The disadvantage is that the price is higher and the operation is more inclined to CNC machine tools. It is a bit difficult for some customers to operate. This control system is mainly used for high-end CNC machines, machining centers, and some mold machine wood engraving machines, etc.

5.CNC router kit- bed frame

The bed frame is the most basic configuration of CNC router kit. And as the one of the basic CNC router kit, the first requirement for the bed is to be stable. The stability of the bed directly affects the machining accuracy and quality of the machine. Therefore, the bed of the CNC engraving machine must be firm and not deformed, otherwise, the CNC engraving machine will sway when engraving the plate, causing the head to not follow the prescribed path, which ultimately affects the processing quality of the machine.

Commonly used in the field of CNC engraving machine are T-shaped bed and square tube bed. Both are structurally stable and can achieve the desired processing results for customers. In comparison, the T-bed is structurally stronger and has a longer service life. Frame bed, the purchase cost is relatively low, users with limited budget can consider this bed. It is necessary to remind everyone that for the convenience of transportation, Blue Elephant can provide users with a split bed, which will facilitate the transportation of the machine without affecting the stability of the bed. Therefore, it is very popular with customers.

CNC router kit- working table

As we all know that working table is also a basic member of CNC router kit. And the working table plays a bearing role on the workpiece. Therefore, the table surface also indirectly affects the final processing accuracy and processing quality. There are two kinds of working tables in the wood engraving machine industry which are chosen more common tables and vacuum adsorption tables.

Aluminum T-slot working table

The common aluminum T-slot working table fixed materials by fixtures. A layer of aluminum profiles with T-slots is placed on the bottom of the table, and a layer of PVC is placed on the table. This table is fixed by fixtures, which is suitable for irregular material shapes which is not easy to fix by vacuum adsorption or the processing technology is a relief, hollowing, cutting, and other processes.

Vacuum adsorption working table

The vacuum adsorption table is composed of a vacuum pump and high-quality bakelite, which can be divided into six-zone and eight-zone vacuum adsorption, which can further enhance the adsorption function. We just need to put the workpiece on the vacuum adsorption table, turn on the vacuum pump, open the control valve, and directly suck the workpiece on the table. And there is no need to clamp it with a fixture. Its advantage is that even if it is an irregular plate, it can still be tightly fixed on the table of the CNC router. and there will be no vibration during the engraving process that will affect the engraving effect. Especially for thinner and lighter or irregular plates, the material is fixed more firmly by a vacuum adsorption table. If this kind of plate is fixed by fixtures, it may cause small-displacement due to machine vibration during the engraving process, which will affect the accuracy of engraving, and this problem will not exist in the vacuum adsorption table. However, if the board is relatively heavy, such a board itself is heavy enough, and it is a bit laborious to absorb, and only need to be fixed by a jig to ensure that no displacement will affect the accuracy of engraving.

Released by Jinan APEX Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd.